![]() It is the diverse nature of the R group that provides the protein with many of its structural and functional characteristics. Amino acids all share a structure, with a central carbon atom, the alpha carbon, covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, and a group designated as an R group, which varies in structure from amino acid to amino acid. ![]() Because proteins and their building blocks, amino acids, form such a large component of plant life, plants serve as an important dietary source of the eight to ten essential amino acids for humans and other animals.Īmino acids are the molecular building blocks of proteins. Proteins are also important structural components of the cell wall. They are especially important in seeds, where they make up as much as 40 percent of the seed’s weight and serve to store amino acids for the developing embryo. Within cells, many proteins function as enzymes in the catalysis of metabolic reactions, while others serve as transport molecules, storage proteins, electron carriers, and structural components of the cell. Proteins are the most complex and abundant of the macro molecules. ![]() Within any one cell there may be thousands of different proteins having a variety of sizes, structures, and functions. Proteins are found in all cells and carry out a variety of important cellular functions. ![]()
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